In the year 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadur was beheaded by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb at Chandni Chowk, Delhi. * Who Killed Guru Tegh Bahadur? There are several accounts explaining the motive behind the assassination of Guru Tegh Bahadur on Aurangzeb’s orders. Scroll below and check more details information about Current Net worth […] Guru Tegh Bahadur is also called as “Hind Di Chadar”. So the Emperor's officers ordered the execution of Bhai Mati Das by being sawn in half from head to loins. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed in 1675 on Aurangzeb’s orders. Bhai Sati Das, his younger brother was wrapped in a bale of cotton fibre and burnt alive and Bhai Dayala was martyred by … According to J.S. In the words of Noel King of the University of California, “ Guru Teg Bahadur’s martyrdom was the first-ever martyrdom for human rights in the world.” The Vice President also posted a beautiful quote of Guru Tegh Bahadur. Finally Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on 24 November 1675—he was publically beheaded. But for the last one hundred years or so the history has no longer been the source of exemplary models; it has become a scientific passion for exhaustive knowledge for all the adventures of mankind. Bhai Santokh Singh, Mahaakavi, in his Guruprataapsooryodey (1846) clearly tells us that, adham naurange kaaran keenaa, “it was the unspeakably evil Aurangzeb who had Guru Teg Bahadur Ji executed.”. These are the only dates available to Sarkar from which he has extracted and derived his own dates of the Julian calendar, according to which latter, it is asserted that Aurangzeb returned from Husan Abdal toDelhi on 27th March, 1676. Almost 70 years earlier, in 1606, Guru Arjan, the fifth Sikh guru, was killed by … As soon as these words became known, many hopeful persons rushed to Bakala to claim the title. Today is Guru Tegh Bahadur's 345th Martyrdom Day.People across the country are paying homage to the great Sikh Guru who was an embodiment of humility and transcended all barriers of caste, creed, race, religion and gender.Guru Tegh Bahadur's Martyrdom Day is … (d) Sikhism is not an autonomous prophetic world-religion, distinguishable from the Hindu religious tradition and, therefore, it is legitimate to judge and evaluate it under Hindu category and norms of judgement and thus to condemn and approve of it, finally and conclusively. Everyone around was shedding tears. Sacrifice your life, but relinquish not your faith. The second of these two gentlemen, Lieutenant John Briggs, for reasons best known to him, said in his “translation” that Munshi Gulam Hussain Khan has recorded that Guru Teg Bahadur Ji was a robber chief who subsisted on “repine and plunder,” “forsaking all means of honest livelihood” and for this offence he was executed under warrant from the Emperor. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. The Sikh Gurus Tegh Bahadur, beheaded by Aurangzeb in 1675 for refusing to convert, and his son Govind Singh, who founded the military Khalsa order and whose four sons were killed by the Moghul troops, are very popular in Hindutva glorifications of national heroes'. (e) The writings of 17th and early 18th century European adventures are to be taken as most reliable and conclusive even when they are demonstrably self-stultifying. This the Guru declined, thus attracting the penalty of death according to the basic state-law of Islam: amaa al-qatl wa amaa al –Islaam. 17.Understandably, there have been anguished protests against this gratuitous and shameful distortion and perversion of the Sikh history and the Sikh doctrine, but these protests have been brushed aside by Dr. Fauja Singh and his supporters, mostly Sikhs, as uncalled for, unjustified, subversive of ‘academic freedom’ and non-conductive to ‘scientific research’ in history. This is where our University research scholars of history have taken us to, through their allegiance to the precept that all that is true is recorded in the Persian manuscripts and all that goes under their guise, and that what does not accord with these goes under their guise, and that what does not accord with these manuscripts, and the subsequent fabrications thereof are beneath their contempt to notice. To all these profound and rootal questions the reply of the Guru is recorded as having been in the negative and consequently, Aurangzeb clinched the issue by formally inviting the Guru to embrace Islam. Aurangzeb, quite early in his career, as the emperor, abruptly stopped rationalization of the secular chronological confusion of India by re-introducing Hijra era and lunar chronology into all official levels of Indian administration with the result that, for more than half a century, the Mughal official records are vitiated chronology, requiring expert know-how to make the dates given in our Persian records, understandable to us. Guru attained martyrdom when refused to convert to Islam and was executed … This victory against heavy odds destroyed the myth of Mughal invincibility. The Guru was chained and imprisoned in a cage and was tortured in the cruellest and the most inhuman ways for five long days. It was compiled by the … Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇਗ ਬਹਾਦੁਰ) (Wednesday, April 18, 1621 - Wednesday, November 24, 1675) was the ninth of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Guru on Saturday, 16 April 1664 following in the footsteps of his grand-nephew, Guru Har Krishan. Sir Jadunath Sarkar has rendered a yeoman’s service to the students of Indian history of this period by working out its Hijra lunar dates into the Julian solar calendar, plausibly, but not always faultlessly. After a rule of ten years, he felt that he had completely mastered his dominions as the undisputed ruler of the country and he left justified in pursuing an all-out policy of converting India into an orthodox sunni Muslim state and to “bring the lives of people into closer accords with the teachings of Islam” (Edwards and Garret, Mughal Rule in India, Delhi, 1956, p.114). pic.twitter.com/wMbaJOShF2, Today remember #GuruTeghBahadur's martyrdom. Today is Guru Tegh Bahadur's 345th Martyrdom Day. Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed in 1675 on Aurangzeb’s orders. Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi are the sites of his execution and cremation. His term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. He and Guru Nanak were both important Sikh religious leaders. Guru Gobind Singh: The word, the deed and the song…, S. Gurcharanjit Singh Lamba – Life and times…, Jaap Sahib: Sri Guru Gobind Singh’s Inspirational…, Lectures at Dr. Harbhajan Singh’s book release. With a view that the Guru might agree to convert to Islam in the very last moment, a Maulvi was present. 9 November, 1675: the qazi ordered that Bhai Dayal Das be seated in a cauldron of boiling water 11 November 1675 There are three or four major Persian records relating to this period. As a child, Guru Tegh Bahadur was trained in martial arts, swordsmanship and horse riding. One hundred and fifteen of his hymns are in Guru Granth Sahib. Who killed Guru Tegh Bahadur? In opposition to this confusion of narrative and welter of historical dating, stands the firm date, clear, consistent and unassailable, that of Maghar sudee panchamee of the Vikram samvat 1732, when Guru Teg Bahadur Ji was put to death at Delhi at which metropolis Aurganzeb was then present, earlier returned from his Hasan Abdal expedition, in or about March, 1675. He stood up for the … This Shamasee san introduced by Akbar was intended to replace the Faslee san of upperIndia, the Vilaayatee san of Orissa, the Bengali san and the Maharashtra Arabee san. He speaks of the ‘corruption of the original, Sikh doctrine’ and ‘degradation’ of its spirituality by Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji and Guru Gobind Singh Ji in particular, and severely reprimands them for hiring services of professional Pathan mercenaries for body-guard platoon as specifically asked by his father Guru Arjan Dev Ji and Guru Gobind Singh Ji, in everything he did, including the inauguration of the Khalsa, swore by Guru Nanak Ji. Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Sikh Guru. Of this pregnantly black period of Indian history, the first contemporary Persian record that we have is that of Mirza Mohd Kazim, the official history-writer of Aurangzeb, who recorded events of the first ten years of his reign. Sir Jadu Nath Sarkar should have realized that the ten Sikh Gurus, on after the other, were to be deemed as more reliable authorities on what the true implications of the original spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak Ji are and if they resorted to political activities and took cognizance of the power-game around them it must have been because such were the true teaching of Guru Nanak Ji, and that to judge Sikhism and its historical evaluation by standards of vague Jain and Hindu teachings and prejudices about ahimsa and the Hindu imperative of utter separation of this world from the next, is just hetero-interpretation, like a gold-smith trying to test the excellence of a rose-flower by rubbing it against his touch-stone. Tegh Bahadur was the second Sikh guru to be assassinated at the hands of a Mughal emperor. Some of these ‘guidelines’ or more correctly, gross prejudices, are these: (a) Almost exclusively, the reliable material about Sikh history is to be found in the contemporary Persian records. It is to be noted that Aurangzeb, in this, had no other motive but that of religious fanaticism to change the entire face ofIndia into a Muslim state and a sunni Muslim society. 29.Khaafee Khan gives two different dates of the Satnaamee rebellion with a difference of two years, one from the other. People across the country are paying homage to the great Sikh Guru who was an embodiment of humility and transcended all barriers of caste, creed, race, religion and gender. These other dates refer to events of Aurangzeb’s march to Hasan Abdal, his return toDelhi and his crushing of the Satnaamee insurgence. Sir Jadu Nath Sarkar’s chronology is obviously based upon and derived form the Hijra dates given in the afore-mentioned Persian documents. He stood up for the rights of Kashmiri Pandits who approached him against religious persecution by Aurangzeb. According to  Ma’aasari-Aalamgeeree of Must’id Khan jezieh was imposed in the 23rd regnal year (p.174) which would be 1090 Hijra or A.D.1680 while Elliot and Dawson (VII, p. 294) give this fateful date as 1088 Hijra, two years earlier than this and Khaafee Khan’s date; and Manucci gives this date as A.D. 1679, “after the death of Raja Jaswant Singh”, as he puts it. Must’id Khan puts this date as 22nd. 24.There are inherent pitfalls which even Sarkar has not been able to escape. This is the question we set out to consider, of which question the foregoing merely forms a prologue. His martyrdom is remembered as the Shaheedi Divas every year on 24 November. Let us tell you that the place where Guru Tegh Bahadur beheaded by the Mughal Emperor is located at the same place in Delhi today, Shishganj Gurudwara and Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 18 April 1621 in Amritsar. Khaafee Khan’s detailed description of the accidental strangulation of a grazier-boy during the course of a children’s play is intended to project the image and function of the King in Islamic society. Guru Tegh Bahadur was born as Tyaga Mal. Guru Tegh Bahadur confronted the religious persecution of Kashmiri Brahmins by the Mughal officials. Unique sacrifice. Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth of the ten Sikh Gurus of the Sikh religion. Who killed Guru Tegh Bahadur? Sikh tradition records that Makhan Shah, a trader, had been caught by a violent storm at sea and in his distress vowed to give the Sikh… India: Early history. It is obvious that the writer of  these cock and bull stories cannot be regarded as a reliable source of information about the martyrdom of Guru Teg Bahadur Ji and also of many other events that he has presumed to record as history. Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj … Herodotus, like Livy, like Orosius and even historians of the Renaissance wrote history in order to preserve examples and models and pass them on for our imitation. The reckonings derived from it have apparent initial points in A.D.591, 593, and 600 though their real origin was in the 14th, 16th and 17th centuries. These ‘guidelines’, accepted as axiomatic, have just to be stated precisely to show their extremely pernicious character and their impermissibility in objectives and scientific histography. Guru Tegh Bahadur's Martyrdom Day is also observed as Shaheed Diwas every year on November 24. This is an interest we find in no other past era. The Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib marks his place of execution while the Gurudwara Rakab Ganj Sahib marks his place of execution. The youngest of the five sons of the sixth Sikh guru, Guru Hargobind, he was trained in the martial arts of swordsmanship and horse riding from a young age. ~ Guru Tegh Bahadur SGGS ang 684 - (translation: searchgurbani.com) Like the example of the elephant (gaj) used in the Gurbani quotation above, Guru ji gives numerous examples from popular Indian folklore which people were able to relate to. According to the Guru kian Sakhian, Baisakhi of 1665 was celebrated at Sabo-ki Talwandi, now known as Damdama Sahib. Guru Tegh Bahadur was born on 1 April 1621 in Amritsar and was named Tyaga Mal at birth. Before Guruji left his body, he had nominated his son, Gobind Rai, who became the 10th Guru of the Sikhs. For instance, if Aurangzeb so wished, in demonstrable interest of Islamic hegemony in India, that in the closing months of the year A.D.1675, all records prepared or maintained by Muslims, must show that Aurangzeb was not in Delhi, then such, indeed, would be the case, though it would merely be a political truth and not a historical truth. His term as Guru ran from 1665 to 1675. According to Purnima Dhavan – a scholar of South Asian history and Mughal Empire… In this fight, he was killed by Guru Ji. One hundred and fifteen of his hymns are in Guru Granth Sahib. The dates of Hijra, on which Sarkar had to work, are themselves impregnated with an element of uncertainty and also falsity such as every true Muslim would approve and accept as just and proper. – Sirdar Kapur Singh. Like Guru Har Krishan before him, Guru Tegh Bahadur was accused of being a “pretender to power”. The account of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s family in Patna and their journey to Punjab is vividly described by the author in this section: “Meanwhile, the family group which had started from Patna sometime after the Guru left, reached Lakhnaur by 13 September, 1670, after stops at Ayudhia, Lakhnow, Nanakmata, Hardwar, Pehova (in Haryana) and Kurukshetra. Guru Hargobind was the sixth Sikh Guru. The year is a lunar one of 354 days and its primary functional use was and is determination and celebration of Muslim religious duties, commencement of the fasting month, its termination and celebration of Id, etc. Grewal, a scholar of Sikh history, Guru Tegh Bahadur decided to confront the religious persecution of Kashmiri Brahmins by the Mughal officials. Guru Tegh Bahadur did not succumb to the pressures exerted on him, and eventually, he was killed publicly in 1675 on Aurangzeb's orders. In 1636, Guru Hargobind Ji made a sudden visit to Goindwal Sahib to be with Bhai Gurdas Ji -the key exponent of Guru Granth Sahib, whose end was approaching. The concern to pejorate all that is alien or hostile to this final end, establishment and preservation of a dissent-free Muslim society, and to exalt all that is helpful and conducive to it, is implicitly owned up by all these chroniclers, without scruples, without hesitation and with a sense of exultation consequent upon a meritorious deed, well done. While the date is … Those who are conversant with Hindi- Punjabi idiom, well understand that, Guru Gobind Singh’s expression: theekar phor dilis sir, clearly implies that it was Aurangzeb who personally, not through an order issued through official channels from a distant place, had Guru Teg Bahadur Ji excuted at Delhi where he was present then, on the 11th November, 1675. “Long live Teg Bahadur Ji,” or to be more exact, “Long live Comrade Tyaagmal,” for according to Dr. Fauja Singh, the Guru’s real name, in all likelihood, was Tyaagmal and Teg Bahadur Ji was only his assumed name in the best revolutionary tradition. 14.The latest of these research scholars happens to be the Head of the History Department of the Punjabi University at Patiala, Dr. Fauja Singh, who, in his thesis-published in the inaugural issue (1974) of the Journal of Sikh Studies, sponsored by the Guru Nanak University, Amritsar –has said that, (a) it is Munshi Ghulam Hussain who says in the Siyar-ul-Mutakhireen that Guru Teg Bahadur Ji was a robber-chief subsisting on rapine and plunder, and that (b) the Guru was, for these crimes, executed at Delhi as a highway robber and political criminal, and finally, that (c) Aurangzeb is neither responsible for this execution, nor was he present at Delhi in the winter of 1675. He was killed on the orders of the Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb, because he resisted the forced conversions into Islam of non-Muslims and Kashmiri Pandits.